Konfigurasi DNS Ubuntu Server 10.4 (LTS)

Minggu, 21 November 2010

Pengertian DNS
Domain Name System (DNS) Adalah sebuah aplikasi service di internet yang menerjemahkan sebuah domain name ke IP address dan salah satu jenis system yang melayani permintaan pemetaan IP address ke FQPN (Fany Qualified Domain Name) dan dari FQDN ke IP address. DNS biasanya digunakan pada aplikasi yang berhubungan ke internet sererti Web Browser atau e-mail, Dimana DNS membantu memetakan host name sebuah computer ke IP address. Selain digunakan di internet DNS juga dapat di implementasikan ke private network atau internet.

Konfigurasi DNS Server

1. konfigurasi IP pada server
root@ubuntu:~# ifconfig eth0 10.10.10.1
root@ubuntu:~# ifconfig
===========================================

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:40:01:A4
inet addr:10.10.10.1 Bcast:10.10.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:94 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:135 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
RX bytes:10804 (10.5 KiB) TX bytes:11517 (11.2 KiB)
Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000

2. install aplikasi untuk DNS yaitu bind9

admin:~# apt-get install bind9
Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
Sorry, bind9 is already the newest version.
0 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

3. masuk konfigurasi DNS

3.1 file pertama yang dikonfigurasi adalah named.conf.local
root@ubuntu:~# nano /etc/bind/named.conf.local
3.2 tambahkan baris yang berwarna merah tepat seperti contoh

===========================================
// Do any local configuration here
//

// Consider adding the 1918 zones here, if they are not used in your
// organization
//include "/etc/bind/zones.rfc1918";

zone "veteran-it.blogspot.com" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/forward";
};
zone "10.10.10.in-addr.arpa"{
type master;
file "/etc/bind/reverse";
};
===========================================

3.3 Buat file forward dan reverse dengan cara mengcopy dari file db.local

root@ubuntu:~# cp /etc/bind/db.local /etc/bind/forward
root@ubuntu:~# cp /etc/bind/db.local /etc/bind/reverse


3.4 ubah konfigurasi pada file forward kita ,samakan dengan di bawah ini
root@ubuntu:~# nano /etc/bind/forward
===========================================
;
; BIND data file for local loopback interface
;
$TTL 604800
@ IN SOA vetera-it.blogspot.com. root.veteran-it.blogspot.com. (
2 ; Serial
604800 ; Refresh
86400 ; Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
;
IN NS veteran-it.blogspot.com
IN A 10.10.10.1
www IN A 10.10.10.1

===========================================


3.5 ubah konfigurasi pada file reverse kita ,samakan dengan di bawah ini
root@ubuntu:~# nano /etc/bind/reverse

===========================================
; BIND data file for local loopback interface
;
$TTL 604800
@ IN SOA veteran-it.blogspot.com. root.veteran-it.blogspot.com. (
2 ; Serial
604800 ; Refresh
86400 ; Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@ IN NS veteran-it.blogspot.com.
@ IN A veteran-it.blogspot.com..
10.10.10 IN PTR www. veteran-it.blogspot.com..

===========================================

3.6 jika sudah cek file resolv.conf
root@ubuntu:~# nano /etc/resolv.conf
===========================================
nameserver 10.10.10.1
domain www.veteran-it.blogspot.com
search veteran-it.blogspot.com

===========================================

3.7 dan juga file hosts
root@ubuntu:~# nano /etc/hosts
===========================================
127.0.0.1 localhost
10.10.10.1 veteran-it.blogspot.com veteran

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
===========================================

4. jika sudah dikonfigurasi semua restart servis bind dengan comand
root@ubuntu:/etc/bind# /etc/init.d/bind9 restart
* Stopping domain name service... bind9 [ OK ]
* Starting domain name service... bind9 [ OK ]

5.1 test apakah DNS server kita sudah berjalan dengan baik dengan cara
root@ubuntu:~# nslookup -sil veteran-it.blogspot.com
===========================================
Server: 10.10.10.1
Address: 10.10.10.1#53

Name: veteran-it.blogspot.com
Address: 10.10.10.1

===========================================

5.2 test ping pada domain kita
root@ubuntu:~# ping veteran-it.blogspot.com
===========================================
PING veteran-it.blogspot.com (10.10.10.1): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 10.10.10.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=0.0 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0.0 ms
===========================================
6. ok, jika sudah bisa semua berarti konfigurasi anda telah BERHASIL